Rural healthcare disparities in Rwanda remain a critical challenge, driven by insufficient infrastructure, a shortage of trained healthcare professionals, and geographical isolation. This manuscript explores the transformative potential of expanding medical training facilities to address these inequities. With only 0.118 physicians per 1,000 people as of 2019, Rwanda falls far below the World Health Organization (WHO)'s recommended ratio. Current initiatives, such as the "4X4" strategy, aim to scale up the healthcare workforce and address rural challenges, yet gaps persist.

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In Rwanda and many low-resource settings, mental health diagnosis often relies on one-time clinical assessments guided by global standards like DSM- 5 and ICD. These tools, while useful, risk overlooking the complexity of lived experiences shaped by historical trauma, socioeconomic challenges, and cultural interpretations of distress.

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