The Rwanda Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment (RPHIA), a national household-based survey, was conducted between October 2018 and March 2019 in order to measure the status of Rwanda’s national HIV response. RPHIA offered HIV counseling and testing with return of results and collected information about uptake of HIV care and treatment services. This survey was first in Rwanda to measure both national HIV incidence and viral load suppression (VLS). The results provided information on national and subnational progress toward control of the HIV epidemic.

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Antimicrobial resistance occurs when bacteria, fungi, and parasites adapt to antimicrobial drugs and stop responding [10]. AMR has been developing since the 20th century and is now a global health issue [4]. If no action is taken to curb AMR, it is estimated that global drug-resistant infections will increase, mostly in developing countries like Uganda, leading to extreme poverty

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